An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

Districts of the Holy Quran "and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage"
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Article info

2010-02-17
2010-08-09
2010-08-09
2395 - 2436

Keywords

Abstract

This search deals with a cause written in the Quran, Surat Al-Anbiyaa, its subject is: two persons had quarreled because of the sheep of one of them putrefied the others plantings, both Prophets Dawood and his son Suliman - May peace be upon them - had judged in this cause with different judgments, no doubt that their judgments was taken from the legitimates of who came before them. This judgment in this cause was judged by the judge of Prophet Mohammad -May the blessing of God be upon him - and by studying the different thoughts of Feqeh. The search is divided two subjects and a conclusion. First subject was about : the judgment of both the two prophets , the second, was about the judgment of Prophet Mohammad - May the blessing of God be upon him -, the conclusion concludes what the searcher had concluded: 1) The judgment of both prophets was just jurisprudence, not an inspiration from God, that is after taking into consideration the possibility of the jurisprudence for the Prophets. 2) Judge of Dawood - May Peace be upon him - : is to give the sheep to the land's owner, his judgment was: he evaluated the harm of the garden and he found it equals to the price of the sheep, it means the value of the alike, and this is an equity judgment and is injustice judgment. Prophet Suliman had judged: to give the sheep to the land's owner for their usefulness, and the sheep's owner will do the plowing of the land, and after the land turns to be as it was then he will be able to take back his sheep, his judgment was: Originals by Originals and augments by augments, he made the usefulness of the sheep is opposite to the usefulness of the plowing without vanishing the ownership of the sheep from the owner, and he imperatives on the sheep's owner to plow the land until he removes the harms and the diminution, Prophet Suliman's judgment was correctness, sageness, based on and accuracy. 3) Suliman's judgment is legal from our point of view, but his judgment is not like the judgement of our Prophet Mohammad - May blessing of God be upon him -, I Tpon that, the Fiqeh Thoughts divided into three famous thoughts: The first for the people they said: If the damage occurs at night time then the sheep's owner will guaranty this damage, but if the damage occurs at day time and the sheep were alone, then no guaranty will be made by the sheep's owner. The second is for the Al-hnaf they said: in case the sheep's owner was not with the sheep, and in case that he was not an aggression when shepherding the sheep, then no guaranty by money or blood day time or night time to be done. The third for Layth Ben Sa'd he said: the owners of the sheep had to be subject to guaranty day time or night time, it means that every shepherding, then its owner is guaranty, but will not guaranty more than the sheep's price, like the slave if he killed, the researcher had predominated the people's thoughts, especially Al-Malikiah and Al-Shafi'iah, whom they links the judgment and its change with the convention and its change, controversial to Al-Hanabilah whom they did not link the judgment to that. After the results, some recommendations were recorded: Link must be found between our legitimacy and the others legitimacy especially by the passing matters, if that is possible. It shows the incorrect of the judgments and its self-interest, it deepens the basic of God's legitimacy which is emanating from the unification, studying the special cases that were mentioned in the Quran, as this is the subject of my search, and the case of pilfering the king's gold, Surat Yousef (69 - 79). The case of the sheep's owner Surat Sad (21-26).

Recommended Citation

Estaty, M. (2010). Districts of the Holy Quran “and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), 24(8), 2395–2436. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009
[1]M. Estaty, “Districts of the Holy Quran ‘and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage,’” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 2395–2436, Aug. 2010, doi: 10.35552/0247-024-008-009.
Estaty, Mohannad. “Districts of the Holy Quran ‘and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.’” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 24, no. 8, Aug. 2010, pp. 2395–436. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009.
1.Estaty M. Districts of the Holy Quran “and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) [Internet]. 2010 Aug;24(8):2395–436. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009
Estaty, Mohannad. “Districts of the Holy Quran ‘and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.’” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) 24, no. 8 (August 2010): 2395–2436. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009.

من أقضية القرآن الكريم "وداود وسليمان إذ يحكمان في الحرث"
المؤلفون:

معلومات المقال

2010-02-17
2010-08-09
2010-08-09
2395 - 2436

الكلمات الإفتتاحية

الملخص

تناول البحث قضية سطرها القرآن الكريم في سورة الأنبياء، وموضوعها تخاصم اثنان بسبب إفساد غنم أحدهم زرع الآخر، وقد حكم فيها كل من نبينا داود وابنه سليمان – عليهما السلام - بحكمين مختلفين، ولا شك أن الحكمين هما من قبيل شرع من قبلنا، فنظرنا في حكم هذه القضية من قضاء سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وبدراسة الآراء الفقهية المتعددة فيها. فجاء البحث مقسما إلى مقدمة وتمهيد ومبحثين وخاتمة، موضوع المبحث الأول في قضاء النبيين الكريمين داود وسليمان - عليهما السلام-، والثاني في قضاء سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، وضمت الخاتمة ما توصل إليه الباحث، ومنها: 1) كان حكم النبيين الكريمين داود وسليمان في القضية اجتهادا منهما، لا وحيا من عند الله تعالى، وهذا بعد أن رجحت جواز الاجتهاد على الأنبياء. 2) حكم داود عليه السلام في القضية بدفع الغنم برقابها إلى صاحب الحرث، ووجه حكمه أنه قوم قدر الضرر بالكرم فكان مساوياً لقيمة الغنم، أي قيمة المثل، وهو حكم عدل لا جور فيه، وقضى سليمان-عليه السلام- في الراجح من القول: بأن يعطى الغنم لأهل الحرث ينتفعون به، ثم على صاحب الغنم أن يقوم على الحرث، حتى إذا عاد الحرث كما كان، ترد الغنم لصاحبها، ووجه حكمه أنه يجب مقابلة الأصول بالأصول والزوائد بالزوائد، فجعل الانتفاع بالغنم بإزاء ما فات من الانتفاع بالحرث من غير أن يزول ملك المالك عن الغنم، وأوجب على صاحب الغنم أن يعمل في الحرث حتى يزول الضرر والنقصان، وحكم سليمان أصوب وأحكم وأقوم وأدق، والله تعالى أعلى وأعلم. 3) وما سبق من حكم سليمان هو شرع من قبلنا، وأما في شرعنا فليس حكمه هو حكم نبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، وعليه انقسمت الآراء الفقهية في القضية إلى ثلاثة آراء مشهورة، الأول للجمهور، وقالوا: أن الإتلاف إذا كان ليلا ضمن صاحب الدواب، وأما إذا وقع الإتلاف نهارا وكانت الدواب وحدها فلا ضمان على صاحبها، والثاني للحنفية، وقالوا: أن المالك إذا لم يكن مع ماشيته، أو لم يكن متعدياً بالإرسال، فلا ضمان عليه فيما جنته في مال أو دم ليلا أو نهارا، والثالث لليث بن سعد، وقال: أنه يضمن أرباب المواشي ما أفسدت بالليل والنهار، أي أن كل دابة مرسلة صاحبها ضامن، لكنه لا يضمن أكثر من قيمة الماشية، والذي رجحه الباحث رأي الجمهور وبالأخص المالكية والشافعية الذين ربطوا الحكم وتغيره بما عليه العرف وتغيره، خلافا للحنابلة الذين لم يربطوا الحكم بذلك، وبعد النتائج، تم تسجيل أهم التوصيات.

Recommended Citation

Estaty, M. (2010). Districts of the Holy Quran “and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), 24(8), 2395–2436. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009
[1]M. Estaty, “Districts of the Holy Quran ‘and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage,’” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 2395–2436, Aug. 2010, doi: 10.35552/0247-024-008-009.
Estaty, Mohannad. “Districts of the Holy Quran ‘and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.’” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 24, no. 8, Aug. 2010, pp. 2395–436. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009.
1.Estaty M. Districts of the Holy Quran “and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) [Internet]. 2010 Aug;24(8):2395–436. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009
Estaty, Mohannad. “Districts of the Holy Quran ‘and Dawud and Sulaiman as Governing in the Tillage.’” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) 24, no. 8 (August 2010): 2395–2436. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-024-008-009.

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