US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision
Authors:
Article info
2017-07-31
2017-10-24
1527 - 1568
Keywords
- Internet
- social networks
- election campaigns.
- political communication
Abstract
The study aims at conducting research and analyzing the history of the American presidential campaigns on the Internet from the campaign of the American presidential elections in 1992 to the 2016 campaign by analyzing, comparing and criticizing the stages of its development, and determining the relationship between the development of the Internet and its various tools and development of digital campaigns. The study depends on the historical and the critical method in analyzing the historical stages of the campaigns. The study also used meta-analysis and in-depth observation tools to derive the characteristics of each campaign and how it benefited from the tools provided by the Internet. The study has reached several of important results such as: there is a relationship between the development of the Internet, social platforms and the development of online-based campaigns in addition to showing the impact of this development on the quality of the content, its popularity, and the interaction with the content.
Al-Rafi, M., & Owies, M. (2018). US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision. An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), 32(8), 1527–1568. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005
[1]M. Al-Rafi and M. Owies, “US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision,” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1527–1568, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.35552/0247-032-008-005.
Al-Rafi, Mehtaab, and Mohamed Owies. “US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical Analytical Vision.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 32, no. 8, Aug. 2018, pp. 1527–68. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005.
1.Al-Rafi M, Owies M. US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision. An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) [Internet]. 2018 Aug;32(8):1527–68. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005
Al-Rafi, Mehtaab, and Mohamed Owies. “US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical Analytical Vision.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) 32, no. 8 (August 2018): 1527–68. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005.
حملات الرئاسة الأمريكية على الإنترنت خلال الفترة من 1992 وحتى 2016 - رؤية تحليلية نقدية
المؤلفون:
معلومات المقال
2017-07-31
2017-10-24
1527 - 1568
الكلمات الإفتتاحية
- Internet
- social networks
- election campaigns.
- political communication
الملخص
سعت الدراسة إلى بحث وتحليل تاريخ حملات الرئاسة الأمريكية على الإنترنت بداية من حملة انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية عام 1992 إلى حملة عام 2016، من خلال التحليل والمقارنة والنقد لمراحل تطورها، وتحديد درجة الارتباط بين تطور شبكة الإنترنت وأدواتها المتعددة التي توفرها وتطور الحملات الانتخابية الرقمية، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج التاريخي والنقدي في رصد وتحليل المراحل التاريخية التي مرت بها الحملات. كما استعانت الدراسة بأداتي التحليل من المستوى الثاني Meta-Analysis والملاحظة المتعمقة لاستخلاص سمات كل حملة انتخابية ودرجة استفادتها من الأدوات التي توفرها الإنترنت. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج أهمها وجود ارتباط بين تطور شبكة الإنترنت والويب والمنصات الاجتماعية وتطور الحملات الانتخابية على الوسيط الشبكي، فضلا عن انعكاس هذا التطور على نوعية المحتوى ودرجة مشاركته والتفاعل معه.
Al-Rafi, M., & Owies, M. (2018). US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision. An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), 32(8), 1527–1568. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005
[1]M. Al-Rafi and M. Owies, “US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision,” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1527–1568, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.35552/0247-032-008-005.
Al-Rafi, Mehtaab, and Mohamed Owies. “US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical Analytical Vision.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities), vol. 32, no. 8, Aug. 2018, pp. 1527–68. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005.
1.Al-Rafi M, Owies M. US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical analytical vision. An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) [Internet]. 2018 Aug;32(8):1527–68. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005
Al-Rafi, Mehtaab, and Mohamed Owies. “US Presidential Campaigns on the Internet from 1992 to 2016: Critical Analytical Vision.” An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities) 32, no. 8 (August 2018): 1527–68. https://doi.org/10.35552/0247-032-008-005.
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