An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)

Article info

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Keywords

• Field fidelity
• Hilbert-Schmidt inner product
• Alignment tolerance
• Orbital angular momentum
• Diffractive optics
• Computer-generated holography

Abstract

We establish the first quantitative alignment tolerance specifications for holographic generation of or- bital angular momentum (OAM) beams, addressing a critical gap between optical design and mechan- ical implementation. While previous research focused on compensating intrinsic spatial light modu- lator imperfections, we provide a rigorous quantification of extrinsic transverse misalignment effects. Computational modeling of 1%–10% misalignments, combined with Hilbert–Schmidt fidelity analysis, reveals three operational regimes: High-Fidelity (≤3%), Critical (4–5%), and Severe Degradation (>5%). The 3% threshold (approximately 475 μm for typical gratings) emerges as a critical design parameter for mounting systems and alignment stages. These quantitative guidelines are essential for transitioning OAM technologies from laboratory demonstrations to robust, field-deployable systems in optical communications and beam shaping.

معلومات المقال

قيد النشر

الكلمات الإفتتاحية

• Field fidelity
• Hilbert-Schmidt inner product
• Alignment tolerance
• Orbital angular momentum
• Diffractive optics
• Computer-generated holography

الملخص

We establish the first quantitative alignment tolerance specifications for holographic generation of or- bital angular momentum (OAM) beams, addressing a critical gap between optical design and mechan- ical implementation. While previous research focused on compensating intrinsic spatial light modu- lator imperfections, we provide a rigorous quantification of extrinsic transverse misalignment effects. Computational modeling of 1%–10% misalignments, combined with Hilbert–Schmidt fidelity analysis, reveals three operational regimes: High-Fidelity (≤3%), Critical (4–5%), and Severe Degradation (>5%). The 3% threshold (approximately 475 μm for typical gratings) emerges as a critical design parameter for mounting systems and alignment stages. These quantitative guidelines are essential for transitioning OAM technologies from laboratory demonstrations to robust, field-deployable systems in optical communications and beam shaping.