An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)

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An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences) Indexed in Scopus since 2019
CiteScore 0.8
Indexed since 2019
First decision 5 Days
Submission to acceptance 160 Days
Acceptance to publication 20 Days
Acceptance rate 14%

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Original full research article

Utilization of Heavy Metal Pollution Indices to Appraise Surface Water Quality According to WHO Standards

Published
2025-01-04
Pages
167 - 174
Full text

Keywords

  • Heavy Metals
  • CD.
  • water quality
  • Euphrates River; Pollution
  • HMPI
  • HMEI

Abstract

This article concentrated on appraising the water quality of the Euphrates River in the city of Ramadi, Anbar Province western Iraq from the Ramadi Dam to the AL-Khalidiyah Bridge. Seven heavy metals: (Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb) and ten positions were selected to assess the presence and concentration of these heavy metals in this part of the river. These heavy metals can be a risk and cause cancers due to they do not decompose and can accumulate in body organisms. The samples were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Three indicators were utilized to appraise water quality: the Heavy Metal Evaluation Index, Contamination Degree, and Heavy Metal Pollution Index. The average concentrations of Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb in the river water samples were found to be 15.87, 53.16, 152.1, 55.5, 10.41, 0.37, and 0.36 μg/L, respectively. The findings discovered that the concentrations of heavy metals in the samples are below the acceptable limits based on the World Health Organization (WHO). The average values of the indicators (HMPI, HMEI, and CD) were 49.106, 1.716, and -5.282 respectively, which are all below the acceptable limits established set by the World Health Organization. Based on these findings, the water quality of the Euphrates River in the study region is categorized as low pollution. Statistical analysis of heavy metals represented by Pearson correlation displays that the sources of the low pollution levels in the study region consequence of various human activities. Although heavy metal pollution in the Euphrates River in the study region is low, the river water cannot be pumped directly into residential units. This is due to the river water contains other pollutants, such as turbidity and suspended solids, and may also contain pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. Therefore, it must be treated at the water treatment plant before it can be used for drinking.

Article history

Received
2024-11-08
Accepted
2025-01-02
Available online
2025-01-04
بحث أصيل كامل

Utilization of Heavy Metal Pollution Indices to Appraise Surface Water Quality According to WHO Standards

Published
2025-01-04
الصفحات
167 - 174
البحث كاملا

الكلمات الإفتتاحية

  • Heavy Metals
  • CD.
  • water quality
  • Euphrates River; Pollution
  • HMPI
  • HMEI

الملخص

This article concentrated on appraising the water quality of the Euphrates River in the city of Ramadi, Anbar Province western Iraq from the Ramadi Dam to the AL-Khalidiyah Bridge. Seven heavy metals: (Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb) and ten positions were selected to assess the presence and concentration of these heavy metals in this part of the river. These heavy metals can be a risk and cause cancers due to they do not decompose and can accumulate in body organisms. The samples were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Three indicators were utilized to appraise water quality: the Heavy Metal Evaluation Index, Contamination Degree, and Heavy Metal Pollution Index. The average concentrations of Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb in the river water samples were found to be 15.87, 53.16, 152.1, 55.5, 10.41, 0.37, and 0.36 μg/L, respectively. The findings discovered that the concentrations of heavy metals in the samples are below the acceptable limits based on the World Health Organization (WHO). The average values of the indicators (HMPI, HMEI, and CD) were 49.106, 1.716, and -5.282 respectively, which are all below the acceptable limits established set by the World Health Organization. Based on these findings, the water quality of the Euphrates River in the study region is categorized as low pollution. Statistical analysis of heavy metals represented by Pearson correlation displays that the sources of the low pollution levels in the study region consequence of various human activities. Although heavy metal pollution in the Euphrates River in the study region is low, the river water cannot be pumped directly into residential units. This is due to the river water contains other pollutants, such as turbidity and suspended solids, and may also contain pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. Therefore, it must be treated at the water treatment plant before it can be used for drinking.

Article history

تاريخ التسليم
2024-11-08
تاريخ القبول
2025-01-02
Available online
2025-01-04